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Statement of Senba (2 September and 10 September 1947) 28, graduated 1943 KIU Medical College, went into Ishiyama 1st Surgical Clinic, studying basic internal surgery, and also working in blood substitute research directed and supervised by Torisu, In 1943 was selected by KIU Medical College faculty to be special wartime PG student, assigned by Ishiyama as member of blood substitute research committee, became lecturer in research in April 1945, but did no lecturing. Between June 1944 and April 1946 discontinued work in surgery for blood substitute research, began internal surgery again in 1946. Starting in about 1944 there was an acute shortage of blood donors, and the need arose for a blood substitute. The efforts of civilians were directed by the Scientific Research Council under the Ministry of Education. Hojo, head of Medical Jurisprudence, KIU, was liaison between the SRC and the University. Ishiyama was a member of the SRC and worked directly with it in blood substitute research. Both Ishiyama and Hojo attended meetings of the SRC. Senba attended one. On Ishiyama's advice, Torisu and Senba first worked on Polyvinal Alcohol and soluble starch, experimenting with rabbits, the used them on patients at Ishiyama Clinic in 1944, but in same year Ishiyama stated such useless since quantity limited and told them to work with sea water, which Hojo agreed was possible. Experiments were conducted on rabbits, found satisfactory, used on about 30 patients between April 1945 and February 1946, first used in a Dr. Sha shoulder tumor operation in April 1945 after the operation, the patient having lost a great deal of blood. It was found that it was about as effective as Ringer’s solution; it was not effective in stopping bleeding; respiration remained constant; sea water could not be kept very long, became contaminated, it increased the pulse for about 20 minutes; the patients temperature would rise slightly after it was injected. Kubo used it on about 10 patients between April and May 1945. However 2 patients developed chills or fever, 1-2 showed protein in the urine. Kubo used 100-200 cc’s on a patient. At 1500, about 16 May, Hirao told Senba that the following PM, Komori would bring an American PCS to the autopsy section for an operation, to prepare to give this person a sea water injection as it might be necessary, that these were Ishiyama's orders. Hirao stated that it was to be an experimental operation. Senba asked Hirao if it wasn’t a bad thing to do; Hirao replied that the Prisoners were being brought to the University by the army, that Ishiyama would be in charge, that the staff doctors could not disobey Ishiyama’s orders. At 1600 Ishiyama ordered Senba to bring his sea water to the autopsy room the following PM at about 1500, that there would be experimental operations on 7-8 American Prisoners. Senba asked Torisu if it was all right to do such a thing, and he said that it was an order of the army to Ishiyama and that Ishiyama had ordered his staff to assist, impossible to refuse. At 1300 on 17 May Torisu told Senba to take some sea water to the autopsy room; Senba prepared to take about 2000 ccs and equipment to inject it. At 1500 SENBA - 2 - Senba saw Miki, Suyama and Manabe taking a cart loaded with operating equipment and lamps toward the autopsy section. Senba passed them on the way; Nogawa and Tashiro were already there. Hirao and Torisu arrived 10 minutes later, and with Senba and possibly Nogawa walked out of the building, with Sha and Kubo waiting out there. 30 minutes later, about 1600, a truck arrived with 2 Prisoners lying in the back of the truck, talking to each other- in English, with about 4 Japanese soldiers. A staff car then arrived with Sato, Komori and one other officer. The Prisoners were taken off, hand cuffed and blindfolded, and went under own power thru side entrance to autopsy room. Believes both had blonde hair. The doctors went in: Ishiyama was scrubbing, putting on his gown, told Komori to take the 2 Prisoners to the dressing room and administer ether, which was done, with Senba, Komori, Hirao, Tashiro, Nogawa, Suyama and 2 guards going with them. One officer acted as English interpreter. 50 drops of fluid ether were administered using Ombredanne’s apparatus. The ether was effective on one Prisoner; the other squirmed around, then became unconscious, and they were loaded on wooden stretchers and carried into the autopsy operating room. One autopsy table was set up on the far side near the windows, the other on the inside corner of the room. Nogawa, Tashiro and, Senba believes, Suyama, strapped the 1st Prisoner. Torisu and Hirao scrubbed their hands with lysol, donned cotton gloves. Suyama unbuttoned the shirt, put iodine and alcohol over the chest, and Hirao and Ishiyama then covered him with an operating sheet. Hirao asked Senba if he brought sea water and how diluted; it was diluted 4 times. Ishiyama asked Senba to inject sea water, told him to stop when he put in 150 cc’s. The blood pressure was normal. Ishiyama then told Sato and Komori that sea water could be used as a blood substitute. Komori said he had been using sea water as a substitute for Ringer’s solution for some time, that 30 cc’s of sea water injected directly into the artery was useful in treating ailments. Ishiyama then said they would perform a lung operation, stood on the Prisoner’s right, Hirao to Ishiyama’s left, Komori at the head of the Prisoner, Torisu to the Prisoner’s left, Senba to Torisu’s left and rear. The Prisoner had a half moon scar about 10 centimeters long just to the left of his right breast, completely healed. Ishiyama made an incision about 10 centimeters long over the scar, Torisu helped tie off the blood vessels, Hirao wiped’the blood with gauze, later used forceps. Komori administered ether. Ishiyama then cut ribs 5, 6, and 7 between the cartilage and rib, pulled the ribs up, exposing the pleura, made an incision in the pleura while Hirao retracted the ribs, exposing the lungs. Due to external pressure, the lung collapsed, and Ishiyama put his hand deep into the Prisoner’s chest trying to pull the lung into view, was unsuccessful, then lengthened the incision about 10 centimeters, cutting additional ribs, put his hand into his chest. The Prisoner was having difficulty breathing because of the collapsed lung. Miki was the only nurse assisting during this operation, passed instruments. While Senba could not see, believes Ishiyama tied and cut the main pulmonary artery, removed the entire right lung, put it in a nearby basin. Senba observed no signs of disease or injury, but didn’t look closely. Komori asked Ishiyama to take some blood from the Prisoner to use for some medicine. Ishiyama then stuck his hand into the chest, made the Prisoner bleed, doesn’t know whether he cut the pulmonary artery or untied ligature. The blood spurted into the chest cavity, SENBA - 3 - then stopped. Ishiyama picked the clotted blood out of the Prisoner’s chest and put it in a 5000 cc’s flask, then took a small metallic plate and scooped out the fluid blood and put it in the same flask. On finishing, the flask was about 1/3 filled, the Prisoner dead. During this operation, Hirao wiped blood, retracted the incision, Torisu helped tie off the blood vessels and helped retract the incision, Komori administered the anesthetic, Senba administered sea water prior to the operation, Miki passed the instruments, Tashiro, Nogawa, Kubo, Sha and Sato watched. Senba believes that only Sha and Kubo left before the operation was finished. The 2nd Prisoner was strapped to the 2nd table, Hirao and Torisu exposed the Prisoner’s chest, applied iodine, then washed it with alcohol, placed an operating sheet over him. Komori was at the head of the table administering ether, Ishiyama, Hirao, Torisu and Senba stood in about the same position as in the first operation. Ishiyama made an incision with a scalpel about 20 centimeters long, slightly outwardly curved, just to the left of the right breast. Miki passed the instruments, Torisu retracted the incision, Hirao wiped blood. Ishiyama then cut ribs 3,4,5,6, and 7 between the rib and the cartilage, Torisu retracted the incision, Hirao the ribs. Ishiyama made an incision about 20 meters (obviously means centimeters) long in the pleura,again the lung collapsed. Ishiyama was unsuccessful in pulling the lung out with his hand, then tied off the pulmonary artery which led to the lower lobe of the right lung, cut the artery and the lower lobe from the middle lobe, lifted it out. The Prisoner’s respiration was not affected this time when the lung collapsed. Ishiyama placed the lung in the container with the other. Komori again asked for the Prisoner’s blood, and Ishiyama cut the main pulmonary artery and the blood spurted into the chest, was allowed to continue until the Prisoner died 20 minutes later. Ishiyama took out the clotted blood with his hand and a dish, dipped out the fluid blood, put it in the flask, now containing about 3000 cc’s of blood. Ishiyama then told everyone to leave the bodies on the operating table, take the operating equipment and return to 1st Surgery. Tanaka and 2 anatomy students then came in, started to dissect the right leg of the 1st Prisoner. Senba took his sea water and returned alone to 1st Surgery. During the operation on the 2nd Prisoner, Hirao wiped blood and retracted the incision, Torisu helped tie the blood vessels and retract, Komori gave ether, Miki passed the instruments, Nogawa and perhaps Tashiro, Sato and Tsutsui watched, with Suyama getting instruments for Miki. About 23 May, 1300 Hirao told Senba that at about 1500 there would be an operation at the autopsy room, that those types of operations were very bad, that they must ask Ishiyama to stop, to which Senba agreed, as well as Mori, who was present. Mori and Senba asked Hirao to go to him, returned in about 15 minutes told Mori and Senba that Torisu was with Ishiyama in his office and Torisu asked him to stop, but he refused. At 1500 Ishiyama told Senba that there would be an experimental operation on an American Prisoner, that he should bring sea water, and he got 2000 ccs, went to the autopsy room with Hirao and Mori at 1500. Miki, Tsutsui, Suyama, Manabe, and, Senba believes, Tashiro and Nogawa were already there. Ishiyama arriving 20 minutes later. Senba connected the portable operating lamp. At 1530 2 Prisoners staggered through the side door assisted by 2-3 guards, blindfolded and handcuffed. Komori came in, said that SENBA - 4 - 2 cc’s of Narcopon Scopolamine had been given to them. They were laid on the table as at the first series. Komori said he wanted to perform a stomach operation on the 1st Prisoner, Ishiyama said he wanted to perform a liver operation on the 2nd. Ishiyama, Komori, Mori and Hirao scrubbed, Nogawa administered ether to the 2nd Prisoner, the Prisoner became weak, and Nogawa came to Ishiyama and said the Prisoner was ready to collapse, Ishiyama then telling Senba to inject some sea water into the Prisoner. Torisu administered artificial respiration for 20 minutes while Senba injected about 200 cc’s of sea water into the Prisoner. His pulse became strong in about 20 minutes. Senba then went to the 1st Prisoner where the operation had already started. An incision had been made from the Prisoner's sternum to the umbilical cord, a sheet placed over him and someone was administering ether. Komori was cutting the membrane and blood vessels leading to the stomach. Mori was tying the blood vessels; Hirao was retracting the incision; Komori was tying the artery that led to the stomach, but ruptured the artery by pulling too hard on it. Komori and Mori tried to stop the bleeding by using forceps, but were unsuccessful. Then Ishiyama, who was watching the operation, said he would take over, took forceps and stopped bleeding, told Senba to inject sea water, Senba injecting 200 cc’s into the arm, took blood pressure and pulse, found them subnormal. Komori then continued the operation, resected the entire stomach by cutting the stomach from the cardia and pylorus. A hole was made in the jejunum, the esophagus and pylorus sutured. The resected stomach was placed in a wash basin. At that time the Prisoner's condition weakened. Ishiyama then said he would do a heart operation, exposed the Prisoner’s chest, applied iodine, washed it with alcohol, made 2 vertical incisions, about 20 centimeters, one on each side of the chest, cut ribs 3,4, 5, 6, 7 on both sides, made a horizontal incision about 15 centimeters long at top of the Prisoner's chest, raised the flap made by the incisions, then inserted his hand into the mediastinum, the area in which the heart is located, took hold of the aorta, which was to find out how long he could stop the blood, he said; Senba assisted in timing the period he could stop the blood. Ishiyama had told Senba to take the Prisoner’s pulse and before he had stopped the blood in the aorta, the pulse was weak. After he stopped the blood, the pulse became very strong. After 5 minutes the pulse became weak, the Prisoner had difficulty breathing, the hands and legs turned blue. Ishiyama then let go of the aorta and the Prisoner regained his previous condition. It seemed that Ishiyama then massaged the heart, but Senba’s view was obstructed- it was possible that a heart operation was performed. Komori then asked Ishiyama for the blood of the Prisoner and Ishiyama took about 1500 cc's of blood. The Prisoner was dead. Mori was present, tied off the blood vessels, held the stomach while it was resected. Hirao retracted the incision, wiped blood. Senba injected sea water, took blood pressure and pulse. Miki passed the operating instruments. Senba believes that Sato and Torisu observed the operation. The dead Prisoner was let on the table, everyone moved to the 2nd table. Komori and Torisu washed the Prisoner's abdomen with iodine and alcohol, a sterile SENBA - 5 - sheet was placed over him, Ishiyama made an incision of 20 centimeters below the right ribs in the hypochondrium area. Komori, as first assistant, tied the blood vessels. Torisu retracted the incision from the right and Komori from the left. Hirao soaked up blood. Ishiyama tied and cut the cystic duct leading into the gall bladder and the liver membrane, removed the gall bladder, placing it in a basin on the instrument table, resected the lower right portion of the liver, placed the resected part in a separate container. Komori again asked Ishiyama for the Prisoner’s blood, Ishiyama cut the abdominal aorta and in about 20 minutes the Prisoner bled to death, leaving the abdomen full of blood, and Ishiyama again removed the blood and put it in the same flask that was used after the first operation, there now being about 3000 cc’s of blood in the flask, Senba returned to 1st Surgery with Tashiro and Nogawa, he believes. Tashiro watched the operation. Also Sato and 2 other Officers, Yakumaru and Aihara, Senba believes. At 1300, about 28 May Ishiyama told Senba that the next day at 1500 there would be an experimental operation on a Prisoner in the autopsy room, that he should bring sea water. Senba believes Torisu and Hirao were present. Next day (29 May) at 1300, Senba again reminded him, took 2000 cc’s of sea water to the autopsy at 1500. Hirako and 2-3 of his students were already there. 10 minutes later Tashiro, Nogawa, Tsutsui, Suyama and Miki arrived with the operating equipment. Hirako asked Senba if they were going to perform a brain operation; Senba said he didn’t know. Senba connected the operating lamp. Ishiyama and Hirao arrived 5 minutes later; Ishiyama said a brain operation was going to be performed. At 1530 2 guards brought in 1 Prisoner, blindfolded, handcuffed, walking under own power. Sato and 2 others (officers) were present with the Prisoner. The Prisoner was placed on the 2nd operating table, made to lie on his stomach, his head just over the head of the table and a pillow under his chest. Nogawa strapped him. Hirao and Komori cut the hair on the back of the Prisoner’s head, Hirao applied iodine, then washed it with alcohol. The Prisoner was covered with a sheet,. exposing the back of the head. Nogawa crawled under the sheet and administered ether, Senba faintly recalls Komori saying something about giving him Narcopon Scapolamin, but he didn’t seem drugged when he entered, although he did not resist. Nogawa stood at the head of the table administering ether, Ishiyama was at the head to his left, Komori was on Nogawa’s right, Hirao stood to Komori's right, Hirako stood to the left of Ishiyama, Senba stood on Hirako's right. Tashiro was watching the operation along with 2-3 of Hirako's students. Ishiyama made a circular incision in the occipital area at the base of the brain, while Komori held his head steady, wiped blood, tied off the.blood vessels. Ishiyama folded the incision back, and Hirao drilled 4 holes in the back of the skull. A thin metal blade was then inserted through one of the holes, drawn out another, then the gigli saw was inserted through the holes and the skull cut through the 2 points. This was repeated at the 4 points and about 100 square centimeters of skull was lifted out and Meningea membrane exposed. A SENBA - 6 - vertical incision, about 15 centimeters, was made down the center of that membrane exposing the brain. Ishiyama then said he was going to take a small metal rod and attempt to puncture the extra-pyramidial nervous system. He then tried to insert the metal rod in the lower portion of the right side of the brain but couldn't see because of so much blood, so he applied gauze dipped in warm salt water to the brain in an attempt to stop bleeding. It stopped, but he could not find the system because it was quite deep. At that time Hirako left the operating room for the 1st time since the start of the operation, returned with a preserved brain, showed it to Ishiyama, pointing out the nervous system, but again Ishiyama was unsuccessful in trying to find and puncture it, and the Prisoner started to bleed again, and Ishiyama then said that that type of operation was impossible without an aspirator. Ishiyama gave up the operation, sutured the meningea membrane, replaced the skull, sutured the skin. The Prisoner was alive but very weakened, but died about 30 minutes later, when Ishiyama said everyone could leave. Senba took the sea water and returned to first surgery with Nogawa. Senba believes that Ishiyama was trying to prove his theory that puncturing the extra pyramidial nervous system was a cure for epilepsy, then states that Ishiyama was trying to prove that if he punctured the extra pyramidial nervous system the Prisoner would have an epileptic attack. It took Hirako less than 5 minutes to get the brain; he was present all during the operation with this exception. When Ishiyama started to poke the metal rod inside the Prisoner's brain, Senba believes that Hirako knew what the purpose was. On the way back to Surgery, Nogawa said that the experimental operation on the brain was of no benefit at all. About 2 June, at 1300 Hirao stated that there would be performed an experimental operation on an American Prisoner at 1300 the next PM, that Senba should be present, bring his sea water. On the next day - Sunday - at 1300, Senba took 2000 cc's of sea water to the autopsy room. Hirao, Suyama, Manabe and Tsustui were already there; Komori, Morimoto and Ishiyama came in 10 minutes later, then, 15 minutes later, 3 guards brought in 2 Prisoners, blindfolded, hand cuffed, staggering as they walked. Komori said he had already injected 2 cc's of Narcopon Scopolamin into the Prisoners. Tashiro and Nogawa were then in the autopsy room. The 2 Prisoners were placed on operating tables. Ishiyama came over to the 1st table, told, Senba to drain some blood out of the Prisoner and inject sea water and then measure the blood pressure, told Hirao to assist Senba. Senba said it was unnecessary to perform such an experiment on a human because they had established in rabbits that blood pressure would rise after blood was drained out and sea water was injected. Ishiyama insisted that Senba carry out the experiment saying that experiments on rabbits was meaningless, returned to the sink and washed his hands. Komori and Morimoto went to the 2nd table. Hirao placed a sheet over the Prisoner, who was lying.on his back. The Prisoner's SENBA - 7 - trousers were lowered, and Senba exposed the right femoral artery area, washed it with iodine and alcohol, Manabe gave him a scalpel and he made a vertical incision about 10 centimeters long over that area. Hirao wiped the blood, tied the blood vessels, and with Senba retracted the incision and then separated the ligaments. This exposed the femoral artery. A string was then passed under the artery, a single hitch was taken in the top of the string, and Senba made a small horizontal incision in the artery, and inserted a tapered glass tube into the incision, the string then drawn tight, tying the glass tube to the artery. Hirao prevented the blood from flowing by squeezing the upper part of the artery and forceps. A rubber hose, about 1 meter long and 1 centimeter in diameter, was attached to the end of the glass tube, an the other end of the hose put in a glass container on the floor. After seeing that it worked, Hirao again stopped the blood, told Senba to inject the sea water into the Prisoner, so Senba went to the left side of the table where the Prisoner's left arm was outstretched on a table. Senba took the blood pressure and pulse, found them normal. Hirao then drained about 500 cc's of blood from the Prisoner, then stopped the bleeding. Senba found the blood pressure weak, injected 300 cc's of sea water into the Prisoner, then found pressure normal. Hirao then tried to drain more blood, but the rubber hose was clogged, so he stopped up the artery with the forceps, took off the rubber hose, cleaned it, told Senba he was going to take the entire drain out, clean and reinsert it, Senba moved the forceps up, attached another pair of forceps lower on the artery. While they were lifting the artery, it came apart at the original incision, started to shrink, so they stretched it, made an incision in the part ahead of the forceps. It again came apart where the new incision was made. Hirao .grabbed the artery with forceps while Senba tried to stop the bleeding with some gauze. After trying to stop the bleeding for 20-30 minutes, Senba was finally successful, found the pulse to be below normal, injected 300 cc's of sea water, but the pulse remained weak, the blood pressure was below normal. At the time of the injection, the Prisoner was almost dead. Senba then stopped the experiment, went over to Ishiyama, who was operating at the 2nd table, told him he was finished, and he said to let the Prisoner as he was, so he gathered up his instruments and went to the 2nd table with Hirao, leaving the Prisoner more dead than alive. The blood was still draining; he bled to death. Observing this blood draining experiment were Tashiro, Suyama, and Senba believes, Nogawa and 2-3 anatomy students. The anatomy students and Tashiro assisted Senba in injecting sea water. The 2nd Prisoner was lying on'his back. Ishiyama was on the Prisoner's right near the head, Komori across from him, Morimoto to the left of Komori, Miki on the right of Ishiyama near the instrument table. The operation was almost finished; Senba believes it was a lung operation. After Senba arrived, Miki, Komori and Morimoto moved the table into the corner; it seemed the Prisoner was dead. The 3rd Prisoner was brought in by 2 guards, laid on his back on the 3rd table, which replaced the 2nd table. Nogawa stood at the Prisoner's head, Hirao to the Prisoner's right, Komori to the left, Ishiyama stood on right of Hirao, Miki on his right, between Ishiyama and the instrument table. Senba stood a SENBA - 8 - little to the rear and left of Komori and Morimoto stood to Senba's left. Hirao and Morimoto exposed the Prisoner’s abdomen, washed it with iodine and alcohol. A sheet was placed over him. Ishiyama made an incision as in the previous liver operation. Komori tied the blood vessels, Hirao wiped the blood, Morimoto retracted the incision, assisted in wiping blood. Ishiyama removed the gall bladder, and on his instructions Senba injected 200 cc’s of sea water into the Prisoner. Senba found the blood pressure was normal before and after the injection. Ishiyama then resected part of the liver. That was all Ishiyama did during this abdominal operation. Hirao and Morimoto then exposed the Prisoner’s chest, washed it with iodine and alcohol. Ishiyama made a 20 centimeter incision on each side of the sternum, cut ribs 3,4,5,6, and 7 on boths side's of the sternum, made a horizontal incision of 10 centimeters across rib 3, flapped the chest back, exposing the heart, massaged the heart, Senba believes, then made a 5 centimeter incision in the myocardium, then sewed the incision with 4 separate stitches, then said that a heart operations was easily performed, then stopped the blood supply by squeezing the aorta, and after about 5 minutes the Prisoner's hands became blue and respiration became difficult. Komori again told Ishiyama he wanted the blood and Ishiyama cut one of the abdominal arteries and scooped out all the blood and put it in a flask, the Prisoner by this time dead. Ishiyama then said they could leave, Senba then noted that Tanaka and 2-3 of his students came into the room wearing gowns, went to the 1st Prisoner and injected formalin solution into the left femoral artery. Senba returned. During the last operation (gall bladder, liver and heart) Morimoto retracted the incision and wiped the blood during the abdominal operation; Nogawa administered ether and watched the Prisoner's condition. On the following Sunday in June 1945 Morimoto told Senba that Ishiyama had said that they were to tell no one about the experimental operations; Senba agreed to comply. On 17 August Ishiyama called Senba to his office, warned him to keep the experimental operations secret. That day Torisu also warned Senba to keep quiet. In December 1945 Senba heard a rumor that Prisoners had been operated on at the 1st Surgical Clinic. Hirao then warned Senba to keep quiet. In March 1946 professor Hirohata told Senba that the Occupation Forces were investigating the rumor about the experimental operations, asked if OK to tell them that he was still at the University. In mid March the CIC questioned him about sea water research, and Torisu warned Senba not to mention anything about PWs, being brought to the University. Ishiyama and Torisu were called to the CIC the previous day, said they were not questioned about PWs being brought to the University. In April 1946 Ishiyama, Torisu, Kubo and Senba were ordered to report to the CIC, Senba didn't report until 24-5 April since ill. Senba was released without questioning. In May 1946 Senba returned to his house in Shikoku and his father asked him if he had participated in any operations on Prisoners; he replied he had injected seawater. 2 weeks later he returned to KIU, was apprehended on 13 July. SENBA - 9 - Before the first operation was performed, Ishiyama told Senba to keep them secret. Senba never made any attempt to report them to a higher authority. Senba made rough notes on his experiments with' sea water on the Prisoners, later destroyed them. Komori took both livers and gall bladders with him, saying that he was going to make a medicine. He said he was going to make a medicine out of the blood. Senba believes that the bodies were dissected by anatomy students and cremated. Senba never saw them after leaving the operating room. Senba believes that the organs removed were thrown away. The doctors scrubbed far too short a time, and the water used for scrubbing was not adequately sterilized. These operations were not necessary, were to experiment and develop new surgical methods and information. Senba only knows that the army ordered him (Ishiyama stated) to perform them. Senba doesn't recognize any of the Prisoners' pictures. The Prisoners wore cotton khaki, with no marks.of rank. Only one operation was performed to test sea water; Senba was ordered to participate in these operations by Ishiyama, attempted to refuse,but he insisted, Senba helpless. Senba heard from Ishiyama that the army requested him to conduct research in epilepsy so he believes the brain operation was conducted in connection with army research. During the heart operation, Ishiyama said it was important to the army medical authorities to know that the blood from the heart could be stopped for as long as 5 minutes, especially when a soldier was wounded in the heart and necessitated surgery. During the 1st lung operation, Ishiyama said that during present lung surgery it was normal to open the chest without preliminary caution to prevent lung collapse, that the operation showed that some measures were necessary such as inflating the lung from the mouth or pumping air into the chest and gradually collapsing the lung before the chest was opened. SENBA - 10 - SUMMARY 17 May 1945 - 2 Prisoners 1. Removal of entire right lung. 2. Removal of lower lobe of right lung. Dissection: Leg of 1st Prisoner dissected by Tanaka and 2 Anatomy students. 23 May 1945 - 2 Prisoners 1. Resection of entire stomach by Komori on 1st Prisoner. 2. Stoppage of blood by holding aorta on 1st Prisoner. 3. Removal of gall bladder and lower right portion of liver on 2nd Prisoner. 29 May 1945 - 1 Prisoner 1. Brain - attempt to puncture the extra pyramidial nervous system of 1st Prisoner. 3. June 1945 - 3 Prisoners 1. Drainage of blood from thigh of 1st Prisoner by Hirao and Senba. 2. Lung operation on 2nd Prisoner. 3. Removal of gall bladder and part of liver of 3rd Prisoner. 4. Incision in heart of 3rd Prisoner. Dissection: Tanaka and 2-3 students injected formalin solution into 1st Prisoner. |