Statements Concerning Makino

Statement of Ishisawa (21 May - 2 June 1947)

Outside of the faculty, during 1945, Reichiro Makino engaged in research.

In the first part of June 1945 Ishisawa met Makino (he's not absolutely sure that it was Makino, who was a special research man whom he was super­ vising) in the hall, and he stated, "It seems that another operation will be held."

In April 1946 Makino came from Tottori Ken to see Ishisawa at the Univer­sity, and Ishisawa asked him his connexion with the operations. He said he went to the operation but didn't take an active part. He also stated that he saw an American soldier who was quite seriously wounded in the shoulder being treated.

In May 1947 Takada came to Ishisawa's home to tell him of something stolen from the department, at the time told him that Goshima, Kida, assistants to Hirako, and Reichiro Makino, Ishisawa's assistant, should know about the operations because they were around the department at the time.

Statement of Suyama (20 July - 1 August 1947) 1st operation - About the time the incision in the lung was made, Tanaka and Makino came in.

After the ribs were cut out, Suyama noticed that Hirako had come in and was standing in back of Komori, and a short time later Suyama saw Makino and Tanaka, who had just come in.

After operation - Miki and Suyama were the last left in the room, were ready to leave when Makino and another person stooped in the shoulders (Suyama then identifies picture of Goshima) came in.

Makino brought in some glass dishes. He and Goshima (?) asked for some instruments, Suyama gave some to him, which he returned several days later. Makino and Goshima (?) worked on the body. The skin on the neck had been cut, and it looked as though they were going to cut off the head.

Suyama remembers that after every operation there was someone in the room after the operations were over. The 1st time Suyama remembers because Makino borrowed instruments from her and she saw the head being cut off. This 2nd time there was someone there, but she doesn't remember who. They were working on the Prisoners bodies. Suyama believes both Prisoners were dead because no one stayed to take care of them.

Statement of Tanaka (23 May 1947) Tanaka and post-graduate Reiichiro Makino worked under Ishisawa.

Tanaka was told by Hirako about the experimental operations to be performed by Ishiyama. Tanaka then told Makino about the operations, who said he would go for educational benefit, to which Tanaka agreed.

1100-1200 Tanaka told Ishizawa, about it, who said, "Is that so?" did not appear to be surprised. 1200-1300 Hirako came in to Tanaka's room, told him that he had heard from the Surgical Clinic that the operation would not take place that day. Tanaka believes he informed Makino.

Statement of Tanaka Cont'd. 1st operation - Tanaka went to Autopsy Training Room. Present there were Ishiyama, Komori, Hirao, Mori, and about 5 doctors from probably Surgery Section, the head nurse, 3 regular nurses, and Makino.

Hirao, Mori, Makino, Tabaka, and about 5 doctors went out back to meet the Prisoners when they arrived.

During the operation, about 3 Surgery Section doctors, Makino and Tanaka main­ tained no stationary position.

2nd series - Makino and Tanaka both went to the dissection room to look on a few minutes.

In March or April 1946 Ishizawa called Tanaka into his office regarding the operations. Ishizawa asked him if he or Makino helped; Tanaka replied that they just looked on, upon which Ishizawa said that that was alright.

Statement of Tanaka (6 June 1947) About 20 August 1945, when Hirako talked to Tanaka outside Tanaka's office, Hirako said, "If the PW dies, I want you to cut out some part of the body to be used for practice purposes in histology classes. I also have some things which I would like to do."

As to Tanaka's conversation with Makino following that with Hirako, in which Tanaka told him all the conversation, Makino said, "Yes, let's do that. You will help, won't you? I would like to take some of the specimens to Yonago with me when I leave."

Following the 1st operation, after visiting his wife, went to the Autopsy Training Room about 1730, saw that the Prisoner was dead, returned to his of­fice, told Makino that Prisoner was dead, and he said, "Then let's start to work," brought a bottle of formaldehyde. Tanaka made*a bottle of Zenker solu­tion and brought it along. When Makino and Tanaka got to the Autopsy Training Room, Goshima and Ryu were there.

Makino, Goshima and Tanaka took the essential parts out of the Prisoner's dead body. Makino took parts out of the chest, including the lung and heart. These parts easily recognized were not tagged, those difficult were tagged, all were put in the bottle of formaldehyde.

Since the injection of Meuller solution ruined the rest of the body for their purposes, Makino and Tanaka stopped their work when Ryu began to inject the solution.

Makino and Tanaka returned to their offices leaving Goshima and Ryu to take out the brain. During the 10-15 minutes that it took them to get those parts, no one else entered the room.

2nd series - After watched Ishiyama and Komori operate on the liver, 10 minutes later Tanaka left the room, went to the next Autopsy training room near the offices, met Makino, who said, "Let us take out those parts of the bodies which we were unable to get last time." Tanaka went to his office, put the necessary liquids in bottles, then placed them and a graduate in a wooden bucket, told Aiko Fukuzaki, a lab assistant, to take them to the room where he had seen Makino instructed her to put the bucket on one of the tables in the room.

Statement of Tanaka Cont'd..... Tanaka then went to that room, whereupon Makino said, "The operation over here is finished so let's start to work. Makino indicated that the operation on the far right of the Autopsy Training Room was over. Makino then went into that room carrying a bottle of formalde­hyde. Tanaka stayed in the outer room to prepare a Zenker and Bouin Solution, which must be prepared immediately prior to use. Tanaka carried these solutions in 2 small bottles into the operating room.

In the operating room, Ishiyama was still working on the liver operation. At the 2nd far right hand corner dissecting table, stood Makino with the PW on the table lying on his back with his feet in the direction of the hallway door. Makino and Tanaka worked together, taking parts out of the Prisoner's head. The Prisoner had been operated on in the region of the stomach and the incision had been made from below the ribs in the middle of the abdomen down to the region of the navel; the incision had not been sewed up.

The Prisoner was a short man, thin, and quite dark in complexion, had dark hair, appeared to be of Southern European origin, perhaps Italian or Spanish. Parts Tanaka remembers taking were the saliva glands, thyroid gland, testicles— the latter appearing to be diseased in some way— when cutting them out a yellow fluid came out. Tanaka gave the saliva glands and the thyroid gland to Makino, which he tagged and put in his formaldehyde solution.

Before giving the above parts to Makino, Tanaka cut off small pieces for him­self and put them in Zenker solution, which he prepared, also put a small piece of the testicles in the Bouin Solution, He gave the remainder of the testicles to Makino, who himself took several parts of the head of the Prisoner.

Just as they finished 7-8 soldiers brought in a PW on a stretcher and placed him on the table where the liver operation had taken place. Tanaka doesn't know whether he was unconscious, saw him make no movement. Makino and Tanaka left the room with their specimens before the operation started. While they washed their hands in Makino's office, Tanaka asked him if they had enought specimens with the ones they had taken out, and Makino replied that he didn't think it would be necessary to obtain any more.

Makino did take parts out by himself without assistance.

The 4th series took place between 1-10 June. Tanaka entered about 1630, saw one prisoner in the room being operated on at the far end of the room. On a dis­secting table nearer to the entrance was another body which Goshima and Makino were standing near. Tanaka went to the table where they were operating, heard that a brain operation was going on, then, unable to see, went back to the Goshima-Makino table, asked Makino whether they were removing more parts, and Makino answered, "Yes, we are taking out some spinal nerve ganglions."

Tanaka then hurried to his office, prepared Zenker and Bouin Solutions and re­turned to the Autopsy Training Room, got a spinal nerve ganglion from Makino and put it into the Zenker Solution, then decided to take out a testicle, as the last one seemed to be diseased, put a very small piece of it- into his Bouin Solution and the remainder into Makino's formaldehyde Solution.

Statement of Tanaka Cont'd. .. Makino then said "Now we are going to remove the spinal cord." Tanaka left before Makino had even turned the body over to get at the spinal cord. Tanaka doesn't imagine that he took the entire spinal cord, which is a very difficult job, but doubtless took out about one inch.

Makino took care of all the parts put in formaldehyde, said in late June 1945 that he was going to take half of the parts which he had taken from Prisoners to Yonago with him, leave the other half at the University.